The snapshot stores scrape-local '/_debug/...' image paths that 404 off-host. Filter the OEM lookup to http(s) image URLs and render the thumbnail only when one exists, so the detail page shows clean code-focused cards instead of a grid of broken-image placeholders. Real CDN URLs will surface automatically once present. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>